
Columns · January 28, 2026
SPF-Testing methods – Scientific and statistical basis
<p>Uli OsterwalderPrincipal and Owner of Sun Protection Facilitator GmbH At the end of 2024 two alternative SPF methods have been published, ISO 23675:2024 an in vitro method and ISO 23698:2024 a non-invasive in vivo/in vitro hybrid method [1,2]. Over the years, I have often written about these methods. Just last year the two columns appeared “Two additions to the SPF toolbox!” and “Which SPF-Testing Method to use?” [3-6]. Just recently, in September 2025, the scientific and statistical basis was published […]</p>
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